不同（品）种及产地的百合鳞茎营养成分分析

本研究以20份不同（品）种、不同产地的百合鳞茎为材料,采用聚类分析及主成分分析方法对47种营养成分进行检测分析。结果表明,不同（品）种的百合营养成分种类基本相同,含量具有明显差异,百合样品的淀粉、果胶、蛋白质、氨基酸、钾和锌等矿质元素含量较高,其余营养成分含量较低,具有高蛋白、富含果胶、富钾、富锌、低钠和低脂的特点。‘穿梭’的总游离氨基酸（4.96 g/100 g）和总矿质元素（952.98 mg/100 g）含量最高,漫水河卷丹的总脂肪酸（215.72 mg/100 g）、蛋白质（5.36 g/100 g）和脂肪（836.37 mg/100 g）含量最高,宝兴百合的总维生素（26.91 mg/100 g）和粗纤维（1.19 g/100 g）的含量最高,‘索邦’的淀粉（22.89 g/100 g）及‘木门’的果胶（431.41 mg/100 g）含量最高。聚类分析将三个产地的卷丹聚为一类,总游离氨基酸、脂溶性维生素、蛋白质、单不饱和脂肪酸含量在卷丹中较突出,具有较高的食用和药用价值。主成分分析结果显示,百合样品中‘穿梭’的鳞茎在多个营养指标上表现突出,适宜作为观赏、食用兼用的百合进行开发。本研究为开发食用兼观赏的百合提供了参考。     

不同百合样品中13 种内源性游离糖的含量分析

采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对15 份不同产地的百合样品中13 种内源性游离态的单糖和二糖进行含量分析。结果显示，所有百合样品中含量最高的3 种游离糖为蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖；其中蔗糖含量在大部分样品中占到游离糖总含量的86%以上。与同一产地的卷丹鳞茎相比，卷丹珠芽中的多种游离糖含量更高。与新鲜鳞茎相比，百合干中的游离糖总含量明显降低、游离糖种类增多。在食用药用百合中，兰州百合鳞茎和山丹鳞茎的甜度值最高，卷丹鳞茎、龙牙百合鳞茎和兰州百合干的甜度值为中等水平，龙牙百合干的甜度值最低。聚类分析结果显示同一种百合的鳞茎样品多聚类为一组；主成分分析结果显示山丹、兰州百合和岷江百合的鳞茎在多种游离糖的含量上较为突出。紫色的岷江百合鳞茎和卷丹珠芽中的葡萄糖和果糖含量较高，可能与花青苷的积累有关。本研究为百合产品进一步开发提供参考。     

叶尖抗冲蚀涂层的研究进展

从叶尖工况及损伤机理、涂层结构、研究现状、制备工艺等4个方面,综述了近年来国内外学者对于叶尖抗冲蚀涂层技术的研究进展.首先,介绍了压气机叶尖的实际工况及砂尘冲蚀损伤机理,如低入射角的微切削理论和高入射角的二次冲蚀理论.其次,着重强调了抗冲蚀涂层的硬韧匹配、材料与结构设计.对纳米多层结构、纳米复合结构和单相固溶体结构的微观结构进行了深入阐述,对其非本征强韧化机制和结构设计准则进行了详细归纳.随后,介绍了抗冲蚀领域的最新研究进展.最后,深入对比了4种国际主流的离子束沉积技术在涂层微结构设计、成分调控等方面的技术特点.发现磁过滤阴极真空弧技术在制备叶尖抗冲蚀涂层方面具有传统涂层制备技术不可替代的优势.本着优化涂层性能和促进实践应用的目的,对磁过滤阴极真空弧技术精细定制化制备的叶尖抗冲蚀涂层的应用前景及工业化生产进行了展望,为该技术在叶尖防护领域的推广提供参考.     

Properties,mechanisms and advantages of metallic glass for electrocatalysis and HER in water splitting: A review

H₂ is one of the most promising and attractive alternative energy sources for fossil fuels to solve the current energy crisis and environmental problems. Hydrogen production from water electrocatalysis has become one of the most popular hydrogen production methods due to its high purity and environmental friendliness. The most commonly used catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is powdered Pt/C. However, the scarcity and complicated post-treatment processes severely limit its industrial application. Therefore, it is a key challenge to develop low-cost, high-performance self-supporting catalytic electrodes. Recently, metallic glasses (abbreviated as MGs) ribbons have attracted great interest in catalytic applications due to their unique short-range ordered and long-range disordered atomic structures. The metastable properties of MGs offer great potential for their application in HER. Here, this review introduces the preparation, application first. Secondly, we introduce the advantages and application progress of MGs as HER catalytic electrodes. Then, we summarize the factors affecting the catalytic performance of MGs in HER process. Finally, current challenges and future development prospects for realizing highly active and durable electrocatalysts are presented. This review aims to provide a guide for designing and developing MGs with high HER performance.